Common contraceptive methods include hormonal contraceptives (e.g., birth control pills, patches, rings), barrier methods (e.g., condoms, diaphragms), intrauterine devices (IUDs), natural methods (e.g., fertility awareness), and permanent methods like sterilization.

The effectiveness of contraceptive methods varies. When used correctly and consistently, hormonal contraceptives, IUDs, and sterilization are highly effective in preventing pregnancy. Barrier methods and natural methods have lower effectiveness rates but can be used in combination with other methods.

Like any medication or medical device, contraceptive methods can have potential risks or side effects. These can range from minor side effects like spotting or mood changes to more serious risks like blood clots or stroke, depending on the method. Your GP can explain the risks and benefits of each option.

Yes, some contraceptive methods, particularly hormonal contraceptives, can be prescribed for other purposes, such as regulating menstrual cycles, reducing menstrual cramps or heavy bleeding, and managing certain hormonal imbalances or conditions like endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).